The symbolic value of targets is what differentiates terrorism from other forms of extreme violence.
Terrorism is designed to inflict deep psychological wounds on an enemy rather than demolish its material ability to fight.
The September 11, 2001 attacks, for example, demonstrated the power of symbolism.
The World Trade Center was targeted by Al Qaeda because the Twin Towers epitomized Western civilization, U.
imperialism, financial success, modernity, and freedom.
The symbolic character of terrorism is the focus of this textbook.
A comprehensive analysis, it incorporates descriptions, definitions, case studies, and theories.
Each chapter focuses on a specific dimension of symbolism in terrorism and explains the contexts and processes that involve the main actors as well as the symbolism of both the purposes and targets of terrorism.
Also discussed are new religious movements, which represent another important aspect of terrorism, such as Aum Shinrikyo, the Japanese cult that used sarin gas in the Tokyo subway in 1995.
Over forty areas of symbolism are covered throughout the chapters, including physical and non-physical symbolism, linguistic symbolism, the social construction of reality, rituals, myths, performative violence, iconoclasm, brand management, logos, semiotics, new media, and the global village.
This allows for an in-depth examination of many issues, such as anti-globalization, honor killing, religious terrorism, suicide terrorism, martyrdom, weapons, female terrorism, public communication, visual motifs, and cyberspace.
Main concepts are clearly defined, and followed by theory illustrated by international case studies.
Chapter summaries, key points, review questions, research and practice suggestions are recurring components as well.
This groundbreaking text encompasses all major aspects of symbolism in terrorism and will be an essential resource for anyone studying terrorism.
Jonathan Phillips
Jonathan Robinson
Jonathan A. Smith
Jonathan Abrams
Jonathan Hickman
Jonathan Swift
Jonathan Alexander
Jonathan Baker
Stoke city started the 1974/75 season with the best team they had ever had, trying to win the league for the first time.
Jonathan Kingdon
Jonathan O'Brien
Jonathan Fisher
Jonathan Kravis
Jonathan Kellerman
Jonathan Herring
Jonathan Mack
Jonathan E. Taylor
Jonathan Fenske
Jonathan Cullen
Jonathan Rivera
Jonathan Franzen
Jonathan Pitches
Jonathan P. Hawley
Jonathan Sami
Jonathan Swift
Jonathan Kellerman
The electrifying new alex delaware thriller from the #1 new york times bestselling master of suspense.
Jonathan Foote
Jonathan Avise
This title introduces soccer fans to the history of one of the top mls clubs, sporting kansas city.
Jonathan Swift
Jonathan Laurent
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Jonathan Darling
Jonathan Shuttlesworth
“two are better off than one, for they can help each other succeed.
Jonathan Clark
Jonathan Swift
Jonathan Lee
From the acclaimed author of high dive comes an enveloping, exultant novel of new york city at the turn of the twentieth century, a story of one man's rise to fame and fortune, and his mysterious murder.
Jonathan Williams
It is divided into three chapters: zermatt; grächen, randa and the mattertal; and saas-fee and the saastal.
Jonathan Wylie
Jonathan R. White
Jonathan Williams
Jonathan Bowling
Jonathan bowles
Jonathan Rottenberg
This chapter grapples with the challenges of defining depression, including challenges that arise from our imprecise use of language.
Jonathan P.A. Sell
Jonathan Lethem
Jonathan Harris
Jonathan M. Harris
Jonathan Joseph
Jonathan Crichton
Linguistic and cultural diversity is raising profound challenges and new opportunities for health practitioners, consumers and researchers in applied linguistics.
Jonathan Roberge
Jonathan Cremers
Jonathan Stone
Jonathan DeRight
Jonathan Cohn
Jonathan Rottenberg
Franzen Jonathan
Jonathan Hurst
Jonathan M. Whitley
Jonathan Swift
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Clarke, Simon
Printed textiles are an exciting and dynamic design area, with new mechanical and digital technologies opening up a wealth of creative possibilities for designers.
Paul Prescott
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Murray J. Leaf
The world's "great" religions depend on traditions of serious scholarship, dedicated to preserving their key texts but also to understanding them and, therefore, to debating what understanding itself is and how best to do it.
Tish Howard
Children of low socioeconomic status often enter school with poor skills, leading them to be misidentified as learning disabled.
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Beyond grief explores high-style funerary sculptures and their functions during the turn of the twentieth century.
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Part i of this book is dedicated to the proceedings of symposiumi of the emrs 1996 spring meeting.
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Peter W. Hawkes
"advances in imaging & electron physics" merges two long-running serials-"advances in electronics & electron physics" and "advances in optical & electron microscopy.
William J. Jorden
The panama canal treaties of 1977 were the most significant foreign policy achievement of the carter administration.
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This book explores ways in which pedagogical research, theory, models and frameworks can be used pragmatically to enhance teaching practice in higher education.
MedStar Mobile Healthcare Staff
The healthcare landscape in the united states is evolving rapidly but has largely ignored ems, until recently.
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Northern italy, 1985: commissario piero trotti is on the verge of retirement from the police force.
Devin Therien
Featuring some of canada's foremost baroque paintings, illuminations studies the baroque fascination with theatricality and visual spectacle in religious, mythological, and popular imagery.
Robert Shufflebotham
Provides information on the features of adobe photoshop cc, covering such topics as opening and saving files, image and color basics, editing, layers, working with type, paths, channels and masks, and filters..
Chema Conesa
This edition of la fabrica's series "photobolsillo" celebrates the collection's own director--spanish journalist and photographer chema conesa (born 1952).
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Good stuff is divided into two main parts; part i addresses positive attributes and part ii, positive actions.
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This book focuses on the semantic phenomenon of evaluativity and its consequences across constructions.
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Plutarch's focus on the great leaders of the classical world, his anecdotal style, and his self-presentation as a good-natured friend and wise counsellor have appealed over the centuries to a wide audience, persons as diverse as beethoven and benjamin fra.
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Anne Llewellyn
The second edition of this major textbook clearly shows how sociology can inform professional social work practice in the twenty-first century.
Robert Bickers
After 1914, between tiffin and a day at the race track, the british in shanghai enjoyed a life far removed from the horrors of the great war.
Fiona Watt
The dolls are getting ready to attend their school prom.
Felicity Brooks
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An applied guide to process and plant design is a guide to process plant design for both students and professional engineers.
Flame Tree
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Bert and holly davis have lived a nomadic lifestyle for over 30 years, making them perfectly qualified to guide others through the process.
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How effective is the european court of human rights in dispensing justice?
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In the fantastical, gaslit underground city of recolleta, oligarchs from foreign states and revolutionaries from the farming communes vie for power in the wake of the city’s coup.
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Language is one of our most precious and uniquely human capacities, so it is not surprising that research on its neural substrates has been advancing quite rapidly in recent years.
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The sonderkommando of auschwitz-birkenau consisted primarily of jewish prisoners forced by the germans to facilitate the mass extermination.